Acute HIV and HIV Reservoirs in the CNS: Implications for Long-term Outcomes and HIV Cure

Serena S. Spudich, MD, MA
Associate Professor, Department of Neurology
Division Chief, Neurological Infections and Global Neurology
Yale University, New Haven, CT



CME VIDEOTop of page

About the Presenter: Top of page

Serena Spudich is Associate Professor of Neurology and Chief, Division of Neurological Infections and Global Neurology at Yale. Dr Spudich earned her medical degree from UCSF, pursued residency training in internal medicine at UW, neurology at Harvard, and fellowships at Harvard and UCSF. Her clinical and translational research explores HIV in the nervous system, focusing on effects of acute HIV infection, antiretroviral treatment, and HIV cure strategies on HIV pathogenesis and persistence in the central nervous system. She collaborates with colleagues of multiple disciplines in clinical studies in urban centers in the United States and in international settings, exploring questions of CNS inflammation, injury, and compartmentalization of HIV. She was the first neuroscientist elected to the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) HIV Reservoirs and Eradication Transformative Science Group, currently serves as the Chair of the ACTG Neurology Collaborative Science Group, and co-leads multiple NIH-funded projects addressing the pathobiology of NeuroHIV. She cares for HIV-infected patients with neurological disorders in the Nathan Smith HIV Clinic at Yale.

Learning Objectives: Top of page

At the completion of this educational session, learners will:
  • Understand that HIV is universally detected in the central nervous system (CNS) in the absence of treatment, beginning in acute infection.
  • Be aware of the concept of HIV compartmentalization, wherein distinct HIV sequences can replicate in different tissue compartments, including the CNS.
  • Know that treatment with antiretroviral therapy greatly reduces levels of HIV RNA and inflammatory markers in the CNS.
  • Appreciate that some individuals with well-treated HIV on antiretroviral therapy have persistent inflammation or low level virus in the CNS, suggesting a possible reservoir in the brain compartment.

CME Information: Top of page


This CME activity was approved for AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ on June 14, 2016 and will terminate June, 13, 2019.

The target audience is all physicians, NPs and PAs involved or interested in HIV education.

This online video and post-activity evaluation are one hour in length.
  • After you complete the video portion of this educational activity there will be a post-activity evaluation and quiz.
  • You must achieve at least 70% correct to receive your CME certificate.
  • If successful, you will be provided instructions to print your CME certificate at the completion of this activity.
  • Accreditation Statement: Top of page


    This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) through the joint providership of the Medical Society of the State of New York (MSSNY) and the Physicians’ Research Network (PRN). MSSNY is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

    The Medical Society of the State of New York designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with extent of their participation in the activity.

    Disclosure Statement: Top of page


    Policies and standards of MSSNY require that speakers and planners for CME activities disclose any relevant financial relationships they may have with commercial interests whose products, devices or services may be discussed in the content of a CME activity.
  • Dr. James Braun (Planner/Course Director) had no relevant financial relationships to disclose.
  • Dr. Serena Spudich (Presenter) had no relevant financial relationships to disclose. Dr. Spudich submitted her slides in advance for adequate peer review, and will support her presentation and clinical recommendations with the best available evidence from the medical literature.
  • Financial Support: Top of page

    This PRN CME activity is funded in part by unrestricted educational grants from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Merck & Co, and ViiV Healthcare.

    How to Obtain CME Credit: Top of page

    To obtain CME credit for this PRN program, please visit the PRN Video Channel at the Clinical Education Initiative (CEI) web site. PRN and the Medical Society of the State of New York (MSSNY) jointly sponsor PRN enduring materials for CME, and provide them at no cost to the AIDS Institute of the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) for broadcast through the CEI. We thank the NYSDOH for making our CME programs available to a wider audience, and hope you will also browse the many other educational opportunities offered by the CEI.

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